Rome (Day 8)

- Borrowed and adopted cultural elements from Greek and Hellenistic cultures
- Each province and city governed the same way
- Proud of ability to rule
- Second century BC- Romans conquered Greece
- Educated romans learned Greek language
- Romans didn't copy culture, they took and it and adapted it to and created their own style

- Roman art and liturature conveyed ideas of strength, permanence, and solidity
- Sculptors made realistic portraits in stone
- Practical and used for public education
- Used  bas- relief to tell stories
- Skilled in making mosaics
- Very good at painting

- Borrowed philosophy from Greeks
- Stoicism- philosophy of Greek teacher Zeno
- encouraged virtue, duty, moderation, endurance

- Virgil- Greek poet
- Spent ten years writing the Aeneid, most famous work of Latin literature
- Modeled after Greek epics of Homer
- Tactius- Roman historian who presented facts accurately
- Concerned about Romans lack of mortality

- Latin remained language in the West after fall of Rome
- Official language in Roman Catholic Church until 20th century
- More than half the words in English have a Latin basis

- Arch, dome, and concrete combined to build Colosseum
- Arches supported bridges and aqueducts
- Colosseum construction started by Emperor Vespasian
- Completed by his sons- Titus and Domitian
- Both rich and poor got to enjoy for free

- Many US buildings have Roman features
- Roads built by army
- Constructed out of stone, concrete, and sand
- Connected Rome to all parts of Empire

- Early Roman law- strengthened rights of Roman citizens
- As empire grew people believed laws should be fair to rich and poor
- Standards of justice influenced by Stoic philosophers
- Most important principles-
  * All persons had right to equal treatment
  * Innocent until proven guilty
  * Burden of proof rested with accuser not the accused
  * Person should be punished for actions only, not thoughts
  * Any law seeming unreasonable or unfair  could be set aside

1. Greco-Roman culture- The new culture that emerged when elements of Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman were mixed
Pompeii- Ancient Roman town that got smothered in ash when Mount Vesuvius erupted.
Virgil- Roman poet who spent ten years writing the Aeneid
Aqueducts- Designed by Roman engineers to bring water into cities and towns

5. Latin influenced the development of other western languages because it started the Romance languages.