- Built on hill- Palatine
- Roman legion- 5000 unpaid soldiers
- Punic Wars- three wars, Rome vs. Carthage
first war- fought in Sicily
second war- Hannibal came from north
third war- Rome came in and slaughtered Carthage
- Etruscans- came from north central part of peninsula; metalworkers, artists, architects
- Latins- first to settle in Rome; Settled on banks of Tiber
- Tarquin the Proud- Seventh and final king of Rome
- Lucretia- Matron in Rome who Sextus raped; eventually killed herself
- Kings replaced by two consuls
- Patricians- 2% of population- rich people
- Plebians- 98% of population- poor, farmers
refused to serve in military until laws were written out - 12 Tables Law
- Tribunes- elected tribal leaders
- SPQR- Senatus Populusque Romanum
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